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Feb 06 • 41 mins
Blockchain

What is DeFi?

Introduction

Decentralized finance

Since the first introduction of the blockchain technology back in 2009 the industry blossomed with the new technologies and concepts appearing in the space. One of the new niches is the decentralized finance sector or DeFi, created as an alternative to traditional financial services, and that might be the future of the financial system as we know it. 

Though DeFI is still in its relative infancy as the blockchain community sees the growing number of the network, decentralized exchanges and DeFi protocols are paving the way to the future. But are they really the next step for the financial services and what does it mean for the crypto investors? Let’s dig deeper into the topic. 

What Is Decentralized Finance (DeFi)?

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is a financial system built on blockchain technology. It is an open-source, permissionless, and trustless protocol that enables users to access financial services without the need for a centralized intermediary. DeFi is designed to provide users with access to a wide range of financial products, such as lending, borrowing, trading, and insurance.

DeFi is based on blockchain technology, which is a distributed ledger system that allows for the secure and transparent transfer of digital assets. It is different from traditional financial services in that it does not rely on a centralized intermediary, such as a bank, to manage transactions and provide services. Instead, it is based on a peer-to-peer network of computers that are connected to each other and can securely transfer digital assets without the need for a third-party intermediary.

History

The history of DeFi can be traced back to the early days of blockchain technology. Initially, blockchain technology was used to create cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. As the technology developed, developers began to explore other applications of blockchain technology, such as creating decentralized applications (dApps) and decentralized exchanges (DEXs). These applications allowed users to access financial services without relying on a centralized third party. This was a major breakthrough in the world of finance, as it allowed users to access financial services without having to trust a centralized entity.

The first DeFi project was launched in 2017, when the Ethereum blockchain was used to launch the decentralized lending platform MakerDAO. It allowed users to access loans without the need for a bank or other financial institution. This was a major milestone in the world of finance, as it allowed users to access financial services without having to trust a centralized entity.

The growth of the DeFi space since then, has been nothing short of remarkable, and it is now estimated that the total value locked in DeFi protocols is over $50 billion. This is a testament to the power of blockchain technology and its potential to revolutionize the world of finance.

DeFi vs. CeFi

defi vs cefi

Centralized Finance (CeFi) is the traditional financial system that has been in place for many years. It is based on a centralized system, which means that all transactions and services are managed by a single entity, such as a bank or other financial institution. This centralized system is designed to provide users with access to financial services, such as loans, investments, and insurance.

In contrast, DeFi is based on a decentralized system, which means that all transactions and services are managed by a distributed network of computers. This decentralized system is designed to provide users with access to financial services in a trustless and secure manner.

The main difference between DeFi and CeFi is that DeFi is built on blockchain technology, which provides users with increased security, transparency, and accessibility. Additionally, DeFi does not require users to pay fees to a centralized intermediary, which makes it more cost-effective than traditional financial services.

Overall, DeFi and CeFi are both viable options for accessing financial services. However, DeFi has the potential to revolutionize the way we access and use financial services, as it provides users with increased security, transparency, and accessibility. Additionally, it is more cost-effective than traditional financial services, as it does not require users to pay fees to a centralized intermediary.

DeFi vs. Bitcoin – What’s the Difference? 

The main difference between DeFi and Bitcoin is that DeFi is built on blockchain technology, while Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency. Bitcoin is a digital currency that is based on a decentralized network of computers, which allows users to securely transfer funds without the need for a third-party intermediary. DeFi, on the other hand, is based on blockchain technology, which is a distributed ledger system that allows for the secure and transparent transfer of digital assets.

The main difference between DeFi and Bitcoin is that DeFi is a broader term that encompasses a variety of financial applications, while Bitcoin is a specific type of digital currency. Both DeFi and Bitcoin are built on blockchain technology, but they are used for different purposes.

Some of the key differences between Bitcoin and DeFi include:

  • Purpose: As already mentioned, Bitcoin is primarily used as a digital currency for peer-to-peer transactions, while DeFi encompasses a wide range of financial applications, including lending, borrowing, trading, and more.
  • Decentralization: Both Bitcoin and DeFi are decentralized, meaning they operate without the need for central authorities or intermediaries. However, the degree of decentralization can vary among different DeFi projects.
  • Stability: Bitcoin’s value is highly volatile and can fluctuate dramatically in a short period of time, while many DeFi projects are built on stablecoins, which are digital assets pegged to the value of a fiat currency like the US dollar. This makes them less volatile and more suitable for financial applications.
  • Regulation: Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are not yet widely regulated, and the regulatory environment for digital assets is still evolving. In contrast, many DeFi projects are built on the Ethereum blockchain, which is subject to more regulation than other blockchain platforms.
  • Use cases: Bitcoin is mainly used for transactions and as a store of value, while DeFi projects have a wide range of use cases such as lending, borrowing, trading, and more.

What Does DeFi Do?

The answer to this question may vary depending on whom you ask about it, but it can be summarized as giving more control to individuals over both their own finances and to the financial system to a certain degree. In general, DeFi is focused on creating open, decentralized, and transparent financial systems that can provide greater access and security for users.

DeFi offers users access to a wide range of financial services, such as lending, borrowing, trading, and insurance. These services are provided in a trustless and secure manner, as they are built on blockchain technology. This technology ensures that all transactions are immutable and transparent, allowing users to have full control over their funds.

Additionally, DeFi does not require users to pay fees to a centralized intermediary, which makes it more cost-effective than traditional financial services. Furthermore, DeFi can be used to access a variety of financial products, such as derivatives, stablecoins, and synthetic assets. This allows users to diversify their portfolios and gain exposure to a variety of asset classes. Moreover, DeFi platforms are open to anyone, regardless of their geographical location or financial status. This makes it an attractive option for people who may not have access to traditional financial services.

How Does DeFi Work? 

DeFi applications are built on blockchain platforms, such as Ethereum, which allow for the creation of smart contracts. Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement written directly into code. These contracts are designed to execute automatically when certain conditions are met, such as when a loan is repaid or when a trade is executed. This ensures that all transactions are secure, transparent, and immutable. 

Smart contracts can be used to automate various financial processes. Whenever a user executes transaction on the blockchain, smart contract reads the specifics of the request and makes the series of protocols to push the transaction through the system, just like when you push a button “A” on the keyboard it sends the request to the computer system to present “F” on your screen. 

The way DeFi works is by connecting users to the blockchain, allowing them to access and use the protocols. These protocols are open source, meaning anyone can access and use them. This makes DeFi a truly decentralized and trustless system, as users do not have to rely on any third-party to facilitate the transactions.

What Are The Main Components of DeFi?

blockchain digital technology

Blockchain 

Blockchain is the underlying technology that enables DeFi protocols to function, as it provides a secure and immutable platform for transactions.

Smart Contracts 

Smart contracts are self-executing contracts that are written in code and stored on the blockchain. These contracts are designed to execute automatically when certain conditions are met.

Decentralization 

Decentralization is a key characteristic of DeFi. It means that DeFi applications operate on a distributed network of computers rather than on a single, centralized server. This allows for greater security and transparency, as there is no single point of failure. It also eliminates the need for intermediaries like banks, which can make the system more accessible for users.

What is a smart contract in DeFi?

A smart contract in DeFi is a self-executing contract with the terms of the agreement written directly into code. It is stored on a blockchain, and it can be programmed to automatically execute actions when certain conditions are met.

In the context of DeFi, smart contracts are used to automate various financial processes, such as lending and borrowing, trading, and more. For example, a lending platform might use a smart contract to automatically execute the loan agreement, including the interest rate, the repayment schedule, and the collateral. Once the smart contract is deployed on the blockchain, it will automatically execute the terms of the agreement without the need for intermediaries or intermediation.

Smart contracts can also be used to create decentralized exchanges (DEXs) which are platforms that allow users to trade digital assets in a peer-to-peer fashion without the need for a central authority.

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What are the benefits?

DeFi offers several benefits over traditional financial services.

Open

DeFi projects are open-source, meaning their code is publicly available for anyone to review and contribute to. This allows for greater transparency and trust in the system.

Pseudonymous

This means that users can access DeFi services without having to provide any personal information, and they can access these services from anywhere in the world. 

Flexible

Smart contracts can be customized to suit the specific needs of a given situation. They can be programmed to execute different actions based on different conditions, making them highly flexible.

Fast

Smart contracts can be executed much faster than traditional contracts, as they do not require intermediaries or intermediation.

Transparent

As smart contracts are stored on a blockchain, which is a decentralized, digital ledger that records transactions across a network of computers, it allows for greater transparency, as all parties involved can see the details of the contract and the actions that have been executed.

Programmability

Smart contracts can be set to execute different actions based on different conditions, making them highly programmable.

Immutability

Once a smart contract is deployed on the blockchain, it cannot be altered. This ensures that the terms of the contract are immutable, and it prevents any malicious actors from changing the contract’s terms.

Interoperability

DeFi applications are designed to be interoperable, meaning they can interact with one another. This allows for the creation of more complex financial products and services.

Permissionless

Smart contracts can be accessed and executed by anyone, without the need for permission.

What can you do with DeFi? 

With DeFi, users can access a wide range of financial services such as lending, borrowing, trading, and insurance without the need for traditional intermediaries like banks.

Send money around the globe

dex

DeFi makes it possible to send money around the globe in a decentralized way. Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) allow for the exchange of cryptocurrencies without the need for a centralized intermediary, which means that anyone with an internet connection can participate in the global economy. For example, users can exchange one cryptocurrency for another or buy and sell tokens for fiat currency on a DEX

Access and use the stablecoins 

DeFi can help users access stable currencies through the use of stablecoins. Stablecoins are a type of cryptocurrency that are pegged to the value of a fiat currency, such as the US dollar, or to a basket of assets like gold or other cryptocurrencies. This means that the value of a stablecoin remains relatively stable, even when the value of other cryptocurrencies fluctuates.

Borrow and lend money 

Users can deposit their cryptocurrency assets as collateral on the lending platform. Once the assets are deposited, the user can then borrow money in the form of another cryptocurrency or stablecoin. 

The borrowed funds can be used for any purpose, such as making a purchase or trading on a decentralized exchange. Once the borrowed funds are repaid, the collateral is returned to the user. On the other hand, Users can also lend their cryptocurrency assets and earn interest on them by staking or lending them on the lending platforms.

Some DeFi platforms are also exploring new ways to enable lending without the need for collateral, through the use of credit scoring and lending protocols.

Start Crypto Savings

DeFi also offers users the ability to start crypto savings. This means that users can store their funds in a secure, digital wallet and earn interest on their holdings. This is a great way for users to grow their portfolio without having to worry about the volatility of the cryptocurrency market.

Trade Tokens

With DeF users also have the ability to buy and sell tokens quickly and securely. This is a great way to access liquidity and grow their portfolio.

Fund Your Ideas

Through the DeFi users can raise funds for their projects quickly and securely. This is a great way for users to get their projects off the ground without having to rely on traditional financing.

Manage Your Portfolio

DeFi allows users to track their investments, monitor their performance, and make changes to their portfolio as needed. This is a great way to stay on top of the investments and maximize the returns.

Fundamental Pillars of DeFi 

These are some of the key areas and components that make up the DeFi ecosystem

Asset management

Asset management is the process of managing the assets of an individual or organization. This involves monitoring and maintaining the value of the assets, as well as making decisions about when and how to invest in new assets. Asset management can be done manually or through the use of automated systems, such as portfolio management software.

Compliance and KYT

Compliance involves ensuring that all transactions are in line with the applicable laws and regulations. KYT involves verifying the identity of the parties involved in a transaction and ensuring that the transaction is legitimate.

DAOs

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) are organizations that are run by a set of rules encoded into a computer program. They are designed to be self-governing, with no need for a central authority.

Data and analytics

Data and analytics are essential for asset management. They provide insights into the performance of assets, allowing investors to make informed decisions about their investments.

Derivative DApps

Derivative DApps are decentralized applications that allow users to trade derivatives, such as futures, options, and swaps. They are powered by blockchain technology and provide a secure, transparent, and efficient platform for trading derivatives.

Payment DApps

Payment DApps are decentralized applications that enable users to make payments using cryptocurrencies. They provide a secure and efficient way to transfer funds, as well as a way to store and manage digital assets

Prediction Market DApps

Prediction market DApps are decentralized applications that allow users to bet on the outcome of events. They provide a platform for users to trade derivatives based on the results of events, such as elections or sports matches.

Wallet DApps

Wallet DApps are decentralized applications that enable users to store, send, and receive cryptocurrencies. It allows users to store and manage digital assets in a secure and efficient way. 

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Tokens

Tokens are digital assets that are used to represent value on a blockchain. They can be used to represent a variety of assets, including currencies, commodities, and securities.

Stable Coins

Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies that are designed to maintain a stable value. They are backed by a reserve asset, such as a fiat currency, and are designed to provide a more stable and reliable form of digital currency.

Lending and Borrowing

Lending and borrowing are two important aspects of DeFi. They allow users to borrow and lend digital assets in a secure and transparent manner, enabling them to access short-term liquidity and earn interest on their investments. Lending and borrowing can be done through decentralized protocols, which are open-source and trustless. In addition to providing users with access to short-term liquidity, DeFi lending and borrowing protocols also facilitate the creation of more complex financial products, such as yield farming and options trading. 

Decentralized Exchange

Decentralized exchanges are platforms that enable users to trade digital assets in a secure and transparent manner. They are powered by blockchain technology and provide a secure and efficient way to trade digital assets.

Flash Loans

Flash loans are short-term loans that are provided for a single transaction. They are designed to provide users with access to capital quickly and efficiently, without the need for long approval processes or extensive paperwork. Flash loans are typically used for short-term investments, such as arbitrage opportunities, or for hedging against market volatility. 

Insurances

Insurances are contracts that provide protection against certain risks. They can be used to protect against loss of funds due to theft, fraud, or other malicious activities, such as natural disasters, medical emergencies, and accidents. In addition, insurances can also be used to cover the costs of repairs or replacements for damaged or destroyed property. In some cases, they can even provide coverage for legal fees and other costs associated with a lawsuit. 

Gaming

Gaming is an important aspect of DeFi, and its potential for creating new experiences and opportunities is vast. Decentralized applications are at the forefront of this revolution, allowing users to play games and win rewards in the form of digital assets. These games are often more secure and transparent than their centralized counterparts, and the rewards can be used to purchase goods and services in the real world. 

Marketplaces

Marketplaces are platforms that enable users to buy and sell digital assets. They provide a secure and efficient way to trade digital assets, as well as a way to store and manage them.

DeFi Protocols Companies

DeFi protocol companies are companies that provide the infrastructure and tools necessary to build and operate decentralized finance protocols. These companies provide the technology and platforms needed to create and manage DeFi protocols, as well as the tools needed to interact with them. They also provide services such as analytics, security, and compliance.

For example, some DeFi protocol companies offer APIs that allow developers to create applications on top of the protocols, while others provide liquidity services that enable users to trade tokens on decentralized exchanges. Additionally, DeFi protocol companies provide tools to monitor and manage the performance of the protocols, as well as the ability to audit the code and ensure the protocols are secure. By providing the necessary infrastructure and tools to enable users to access and interact with DeFi protocols, DeFi protocol companies are essential for the growth and adoption of DeFi protocols.

There are a number of popular DeFi protocol companies that provide the infrastructure and tools necessary to build and operate decentralized finance protocols. These companies include:

  • Compound: Compound is a decentralized finance protocol that enables users to borrow and lend digital assets. It provides a secure and efficient way to access liquidity and earn interest on digital assets.
  • Aave: Aave is a decentralized lending platform that enables users to borrow and lend digital assets. It provides a secure and transparent way to access liquidity and earn interest on digital assets.
  • MakerDAO: MakerDAO is a decentralized finance protocol that enables users to borrow and lend digital assets. It provides a secure and efficient way to access liquidity and earn interest on digital assets.
  • Synthetix: Synthetix is a decentralized finance protocol that enables users to trade synthetic assets. It provides a secure and transparent way to trade digital assets, as well as access liquidity and earn interest.
  • Uniswap: Uniswap is a decentralized exchange that enables users to trade digital assets. It provides a secure and efficient way to trade digital assets, as well as access liquidity and earn interest.

Best DeFi Coins to Invest in 2023

coins

With the increasing popularity of decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, more and more investors are looking for ways to invest in the space. There are a variety of DeFi coins that are available for investment, and each one has its own unique features and benefits. Here are some of the best DeFi coins to invest in for 2023:

  • Ethereum (ETH): Ethereum is the most popular and widely used DeFi platform, and it is the foundation for many of the top DeFi protocols. Ethereum has a strong community of developers and users, and it is well-suited for building decentralized applications. Ethereum is also the most widely used blockchain platform for DeFi projects, and it has the largest market capitalization of any cryptocurrency.
  • Bitcoin (BTC): Bitcoin is the world’s largest cryptocurrency, and it is a popular choice for investors looking to invest in DeFi. Bitcoin is a secure and reliable store of value, and it is well-suited for use in DeFi protocols. Bitcoin is also the most widely accepted cryptocurrency, and it is the most liquid asset in the world.
  • Chainlink (LINK): Chainlink is a decentralized oracle network that provides secure and reliable data to smart contracts. It is used by many of the top DeFi protocols, and it is a popular choice for investors looking to invest in DeFi. Chainlink is also a highly secure network, and it is resistant to censorship and manipulation.
  • Dai (DAI): Dai is a stablecoin that is pegged to the US Dollar. It is used by many of the top DeFi protocols, and it is a popular choice for investors looking to invest in DeFi. Dai is also a decentralized stablecoin, which means it is not subject to the same volatility as other cryptocurrencies.
  • Compound (COMP): Compound is a decentralized lending protocol that enables users to borrow and lend digital assets. It is a popular choice for investors looking to invest in DeFi. Compound is also a secure and reliable platform, and it is designed to ensure that users can access their funds quickly and easily.
  • Aave (AAVE): Aave is a decentralized lending protocol that enables users to borrow and lend digital assets. It is a popular choice for investors looking to invest in DeFi. Aave is also a secure and reliable platform, and it is designed to ensure that users have access to their funds quickly and easily.
  • MakerDAO (MKR): MakerDAO is a decentralized finance protocol that enables users to borrow and lend digital assets. It is a popular choice for investors looking to invest in DeFi. MakerDAO is also a secure and reliable platform, and it is designed to ensure that users can access their funds quickly and easily. MakerDAO also offers a variety of other services, such as margin trading, tokenized debt, and decentralized insurance.

Step-by-Step Guide to Entering DeFi

Entering the world of DeFi can seem daunting at first, but with a few simple steps, anyone can get started. Here is a step-by-step guide to entering DeFi:

Step 1: Setting Up Your DeFi Wallet

The first step to entering DeFi is to set up a DeFi wallet. A DeFi wallet is a digital wallet that allows users to store, send, and receive digital assets. It is important to choose a secure and reliable DeFi wallet, as it will be used to store and manage digital assets. When selecting a wallet, it is important to consider the fees associated with the wallet, the security features, and the customer support offered. Additionally, it is important to make sure that the wallet supports the tokens that the user wants to purchase.

Step 2: Funding Your Wallet and Buying Tokens

Once the wallet is set up, the next step is to fund it and purchase tokens. This can be done by transferring digital assets from a centralized exchange, such as Coinbase or Binance, or by purchasing tokens directly from the DeFi wallet. It is important to research the tokens before purchasing, as some tokens may be more volatile than others. Additionally, it is important to consider the fees associated with the purchase, as well as the liquidity of the token.

Step 3: Learning the ‘How-To’ of DeFi Investments — Staking, Lending and Borrowing, Farming, and Mining

Once the wallet is funded and tokens are purchased, the next step is to learn the ‘how-to’ of DeFi investments. DeFi investments can include staking, lending and borrowing, farming, and mining. Each of these investments has its own unique characteristics and risks, so it is important to research and understand the different types of investments before getting started. Staking involves locking up tokens in order to earn rewards, while lending and borrowing allows users to loan out tokens and earn interest. Farming involves providing liquidity to a pool and earning rewards, while mining involves providing computing power to a network and earning rewards.

Step 4: Exploring DeFi Projects

The final step is to explore DeFi projects. There are a variety of DeFi projects available, and each one provides its own unique features and benefits. It is important to research the different projects and find one that best fits the needs and goals of the investor. When researching projects, it is important to consider the fees associated with the project, the security features, and the customer support offered. Additionally, it is important to consider the project’s track record and the team behind it.

What are the risks of participating in DeFi?

volatility

Participating in DeFi can be a rewarding experience, but it is important to understand the risks associated with it.

Smart Contracts Risks 

DeFi relies on code-based smart contracts, if there is a bug or error in the code it can lead to unintended consequences or loss of funds.

Liquidity Risk 

DeFi platforms can suffer from lack of liquidity, which can cause price slippage and difficulty in executing trades.

Market risks 

DeFi is a new and rapidly evolving space with high market volatility, which can result in significant losses.

Regulatory risk 

DeFi operates in a largely unregulated space, which means there may be a risk of legal consequences or loss of funds due to changes in laws and regulations.

Volatility 

Volatility can cause tokens to lose value, and fluctuating yields can cause returns to be unpredictable, making it difficult to plan for the future.

Hacking risks 

Cryptocurrency exchanges and DeFi platforms are vulnerable to hacking and cyberattacks, which can result in loss of funds.

Dying projects 

Dying projects can cause users to lose their investments if the project fails to gain traction, leaving users with no way to recoup their losses. 

Scams can occur when malicious actors take advantage of users’ inexperience, offering fake investments or using other tactics to steal funds.

It is important to research the tokens and projects before investing, and to understand the risks associated with each investment. This includes researching the team and project, understanding the tokenomics, and reading through the whitepaper. It is also important to understand the legal implications of investing in DeFi, as some jurisdictions may have different regulations.

Additionally, it is important to diversify investments and to not put all of one’s eggs in one basket. Diversification helps to spread risk and reduce the chances of a single investment having a large impact on one’s portfolio. Users should also keep up to date with the latest developments in the DeFi space, as new protocols and tokens are being released all the time. By staying informed, investors can make more informed decisions and be better prepared to take advantage of new opportunities.

The Future of DeFi

DeFi, or Decentralized Finance, is a rapidly growing sector of the cryptocurrency industry. With the rise of Ethereum and other blockchain-based projects, DeFi has become a popular way to store and manage digital assets. The potential for DeFi to revolutionize traditional finance is immense, and the possibilities for its future are expansive. DeFi is capable of creating a more open, transparent, and secure financial system that is accessible to everyone. As the technology continues to evolve and more projects enter the space, DeFi is sure to make a major impact on the future of finance.

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Conclusion

The DeFi project with its open, transparent and secure nature is able to revamp the world of traditional finance. New projects are entering the space, creating an almost endless list of possibilities for the new technology. As DeFi continues to grow, it is important to consider the implications it will have on the traditional financial system. DeFi could potentially disrupt the current system by providing more efficient and cost-effective services, as well as increased access to financial services for those who are traditionally underserved. Additionally, DeFi could provide more transparency and accountability in the financial system, as well as increased security for users. As DeFi continues to evolve, it is likely that it will have a major impact on the traditional financial system. And if you want to enter a new era, you can contact DeFi developers and consultants to do that. 

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    About the author

    Dmitry K.

    CEO and Co-founder of ND Labs
    I’m a top professional with many-year experience in software development and IT. Founder and CEO of ND Labs specializing in FinTech industry, blockchain and smart contracts development for Defi and NFT.

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